April 28 …

Needham Roberts was one of the most courageous members of the Harlem Hellfighters.

Born in 1891 in Morristown, NJ, Roberts grew up in an era of racial segregation, where he sought to challenge societal barriers and prove his courage through military service. He enlisted in the United States Army during World War I and was assigned to the 369th Infantry Regiment, an all-Black unit that earned international recognition for its bravery and effectiveness in combat. Known as the Harlem Hellfighters, Roberts and his fellow soldiers carried the legacy of African American service members who had fought with distinction despite facing discrimination at home.

Roberts’ most notable moment came in May 1918 while patrolling the Argonne Forest in France alongside fellow soldier William H. Johnson. Their outpost was attacked by a larger German raiding party during the night. Severely outnumbered, the two men fought fiercely to defend their position. Roberts was seriously wounded in the initial attack, but he continued to resist with determination as Johnson fought alongside him, using his rifle, grenades, and bolo knife to repel the enemy. Their combined bravery saved both their lives and prevented the Germans from capturing their position, earning them lasting recognition from the French Army and contributing to the heroic reputation of the Harlem Hellfighters.

For his extraordinary courage, Roberts received the French Croix de Guerre, one of France’s highest awards for valor. The recognition from France highlighted the international respect for the Harlem Hellfighters, whose effectiveness in combat challenged prevailing racial prejudices. Despite these honors abroad, Roberts, like many African American soldiers, received limited acknowledgment in the United States, reflecting the systemic inequalities that Black servicemen faced even after risking their lives for their country.

After returning home, Roberts continued to struggle with the physical and emotional aftermath of the war. His heroism, along with that of his comrades, gradually gained recognition over the decades as historians and advocates worked to highlight the contributions of African American soldiers in World War I. The legacy of his service, particularly his actions alongside Johnson — for which they also received the Purple Heart — became emblematic of the courage, loyalty, and resilience that defined the Harlem Hellfighters.

Needham Roberts’ life and service exemplify dedication to duty and extraordinary valor in the face of overwhelming odds. As a Harlem Hellfighter, he helped demonstrate the critical role of African American soldiers in shaping American military history and challenging racial stereotypes.

Today, the story of Needham Roberts stands as a testament to bravery, perseverance, and the sacrifices made by those who fought not only for freedom abroad but also for recognition and equality at home.